1. DNA
goes through transcription- RNA polymerase
2. mRNA- processing... introns out/cap and tail
goes through translation- ribosome (5-3)/tRNA bus system
3. Amino Acid
4. Polypeptides- proteins make traits
Physical and biochemical (inside of you)
Example. lactase- enzyme
break down lactase
Lactose intolerant -no lactase
gene malfunction: mutation, point base, deletion, insertion (jumping genes)
Traits "Alleles"
Dominant- always shows (A_)
Recessive- (Aa)
2 types of cells
Somatic- body cells
Mitosis: cell division 23 pairs(1/2 mom 1/2 dad) creating identical daughter cells (DNA replication)
Gametic- sex cells (gender)
Meioses
Mendel
pea plants
traits- smooth or wrinkle
color: green/yellow
shape
height: tall/dwarf
flower color
Ratios
-math data
"trends" something being passed
-didn't know DNA
Vocab
homozygous- same AA(p2) aa (q2)
heterozygous- different Aa (2pq)
dominant- A_
recessive- aa
phenotype- physical traits
genotype- genes Aa (letters)
F1- first offspring/generation
carrier or hybrid- heterozygous
pure- homozygous
Backcross- F1 mate w/parents
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